장티푸스 백신, Typhoid vaccine [1] 용량과 적응증

장티푸스 백신, Typhoid vaccine [1] 용량과 적응증

장티푸스 백신, Typhoid vaccine [2] 작용 기전과 효능 - 다음 블로그 글

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Dosing: Adult

Typhoid fever prevention:

Oral:

Primary immunization: One capsule on alternate days (day 1, 3, 5, and 7) for a total of 4 doses; all doses should be complete at least 1 week prior to potential exposure

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Reimmunization (with repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever): Repeat full course of primary immunization every 5 years. Alternatively, in Canada, it is recommended to repeat a full course of primary immunization every 7 years (Canadian immunization guide).

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IM:

Initial: 0.5 mL given at least 2 weeks prior to expected exposure

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Reimmunization (with repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever):

Typhim Vi: 0.5 mL every 2 years (US labeling) or every 3 years (Canadian labeling)

Typherix [Canadian product]: 0.5 mL every 3 years

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Dosing: Renal Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer's labeling.

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Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Adult

There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer's labeling.

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Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Typhoid vaccine: Pediatric drug information")

Typhoid fever prevention (immunization):

Oral: Vivotif: Children ≥6 years and Adolescents:

Primary immunization: One capsule on alternate days (eg, day 1, 3, 5, and 7) for a total of 4 doses; all doses should be completed at least 1 week prior to potential exposure

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Reimmunization with repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever: Optimal schedule has not been established; a full course of primary immunization every 5 years is currently recommended for repeated or continued exposure

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IM: Typhim Vi: Children ≥2 years and Adolescents:​

Primary immunization: 0.5 mL given at least 2 weeks prior to expected exposure

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Reimmunization with repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever: 0.5 mL; optimal schedule has not been established; a single dose every 2 years is currently recommended for repeated or continued exposure

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Additional Canadian labeling and recommendations :

Oral: Children ≥5 years and Adolescents: Reimmunization (with repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever): Repeat full course of primary immunization every 7 years (Canadian immunization guide)

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IM: Children ≥2 years and Adolescents: Reimmunization (with repeated or continued exposure to typhoid fever): Typhim Vi and Typherix (Canadian product): 0.5 mL; a single dose every 3 years (Canadian labeling)

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Dosing: Renal Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer's labeling.

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Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: Pediatric

There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer's labeling.

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Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

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Capsule, enteric coated, Oral [live]:

Vivotif: Viable S. typhi Ty21a 2-10 x 109 colony-forming units [contains lactose 180-200 mg/capsule and sucrose 3.3-34.2 mg/capsule]

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Injection, solution [inactivated]:

Typhim Vi: Purified Vi capsular polysaccharide 25 mcg/0.5 mL (0.5 mL, 10 mL) [derived from S. typhi Ty2 strain]

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Dosage Forms: Canada

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

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Injection, solution:

Typherix: Vi capsular polysaccharide 25 mcg/0.5 mL (0.5 mL) [derived from S. typhi Ty2 strain]

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Use: Labeled Indications

Typhoid fever prevention: Active immunization against typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi:

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Oral: Immunization of adults and children >6 years of age; complete the vaccine regimen at least 1 week before potential exposure to typhoid bacteria.

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Parenteral: Immunization of adults and children ≥2 years of age; complete the vaccine regimen at least 2 weeks before potential exposure to typhoid bacteria.

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Not for routine vaccination. In the United States (CDC/ACIP [Jackson 2015]) and Canada, use should be limited to:

- Travelers to areas with a recognized risk of exposure to S. typhi

- Persons with intimate exposure to a household contact with S. typhi fever or a known carrier

- Laboratory technicians with frequent exposure to S. typhi

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Additional recommendations: May consider administration to travelers with achlorhydria, or receiving acid suppression therapy; anatomic or functional asplenia (Canadian Immunization Guide)

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REF. UpToDate 2019.05.27