비타민C 권장량, Vitamin C, requirements (United States RDA)

비타민C 과다복용과 독성에 대한 블로그:

https://blog.naver.com/sjloveu2/222185389025

비타민 C 과다복용과 독성, Vitamin C, overdose and toxicity

 

United States RDA로서 소아는 15-45 mg/day, 대부분의 여자는 ~75 mg/day, 남자는 90 mg/day, 임신부 또는 수유부와 고령은 ~ 120 mg/day입니다. 이것은 scurvy를 예방하는 최소 요구량에 근거한 것입니다.

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몇 연구들은 흡연자에서 vitaminc C 혈중 수치가 낮음을 보고했고 이 그룹에서 비타민C 보충을 권고했습니다. 그러나 대체적으로 이 자료는 적절하지 않음을 시사합니다. 메타분석에서 비타민C 보충이 정상 위험 또는 고위험 어느 그룹에서도 폐암 발생과 사망률에 좋은 효과를 내지 못했습니다. 여기에 포함된 한 연구에서는 7627명의 여자들을 무작위 할당하였는데 비타민C를 복용한 그룹에서 오히려 폐암 증가가 있었습니다. 이전에 기술한대로 비타민C 보충은 질병 예방 목적으로 권고되지 않습니다.

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Dietary reference intake (DRI) for water-soluble vitamins

Life stage group		Thiamine (mg/day)		Riboflavin (mg/day)		Niacin (mg/day)*		Pantothenic acid (mg/day)		Vitamin B6 (mg/day)		Biotin (mcg/day)		Vitamin C (mg/day)
		RDA/AI	UL	RDA/AI	UL	RDA/AI	UL	RDA/AI	UL	RDA/AI	UL	RDA/AI	UL	RDA/AI	UL
Infants
0 to 6 months		0.2¶	ND	0.3¶	ND	2¶	ND	1.7¶	ND	0.1¶	ND	5¶	ND	40¶	ND
7 to 12 months		0.3¶	ND	0.4¶	ND	4¶	ND	1.8¶	ND	0.3¶	ND	6¶	ND	50¶	ND
Children
1 to 3 years		0.5	ND	0.5	ND	6	10	2¶	ND	0.5	30	8¶	ND	15	400
4 to 8 years		0.6	ND	0.6	ND	8	15	3¶	ND	0.6	40	12¶	ND	25	650
Males
9 to 13 years		0.9	ND	0.9	ND	12	20	4¶	ND	1	60	20¶	ND	45	1200
14 to 18 years		1.2	ND	1.3	ND	16	30	5¶	ND	1.3	80	25¶	ND	75	1800
19 to 30 years		1.2	ND	1.3	ND	16	35	5¶	ND	1.3	100	30¶	ND	90	2000
31 to 50 years		1.2	ND	1.3	ND	16	35	5¶	ND	1.3	100	30¶	ND	90	2000
51 to 70 years		1.2	ND	RDA	ND	16	35	5¶	ND	1.7	100	30¶	ND	90	2000
>70 years		1.2	ND	1.3	ND	16	35	5¶	ND	1.7	100	30¶	ND	90	2000
Females
9 to 13 years		0.9	ND	0.9	ND	12	20	4¶	ND	1	60	20¶	ND	45	1200
14 to 18 years		1	ND	1	ND	14	30	5¶	ND	1.2	80	25¶	ND	65	1800
19 to 30 years		1.1	ND	1.1	ND	14	35	5¶	ND	1.3	100	30¶	ND	75	2000
31 to 50 years		1.1	ND	1.1	ND	14	35	5¶	ND	1.3	100	30¶	ND	75	2000
51 to 70 years		1.1	ND	1.1	ND	14	35	5¶	ND	1.5	100	30¶	ND	75	2000
>70 years		1.1	ND	1.1	ND	14	35	5¶	ND	1.5	100	30¶	ND	75	2000
Pregnancy
14 to 18 years		1.4	ND	1.4	ND	18	30	6¶	ND	1.9	80	30¶	ND	80	1800
19 to 30 years		1.4	ND	1.4	ND	18	35	6¶	ND	1.9	100	30¶	ND	85	2000
31 to 50 years		1.4	ND	1.4	ND	18	35	6¶	ND	1.9	100	30¶	ND	85	2000
Lactation
14 to 18 years		1.4	ND	1.6	ND	17	30	7¶	ND	2	80	35¶	ND	115	1800
19 to 30 years		1.4	ND	1.6	ND	17	35	7¶	ND	2	100	35¶	ND	120	2000
31 to 50 years		1.4	ND	1.6	ND	17	35	7¶	ND	2	100	35¶	ND	120	2000

Dietary reference intakes (DRIs) include the following measures describing optimal nutrient intake:

Recommended dietary allowance (RDA) – The level of dietary intake that is sufficient to meet the daily nutrient requirements of 97% of the individuals in a specific life stage group.

Adequate intake (AI) – An approximation of the average nutrient intake that sustains a defined nutritional state, based on observed or experimentally determined values in a defined population.

Upper tolerable level (UL) – The maximum level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects in almost all individuals in the specified life stage or gender group.

RDAs and AIs may both be used as goals for individual intake. The AI is used when there are insufficient data to determine the RDA for a given nutrient.

* Niacin is dosed as niacin equivalents (NE), where 1 mg niacin = 60 mg of tryptophan. Infants 0 to 6 months: only preformed niacin (not NE).

¶ As AI.

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REF. UpToDate 2020.12.25