Major causes of type 1 (distal) renal tubular acidosis (RTA)
|
Primary |
|
Idiopathic (sporadic) |
|
Familial |
|
Autosomal dominant (mainly due to mutations causing defects in the kidney anion exchanger [kAE1] in distal tubule/collecting duct intercalated cells) |
|
Autosomal recessive (due to a variety of mutations causing defects in one of the multiple subunits of V-ATPase in distal tubule/collecting duct intercalated cells) |
|
Secondary |
|
Autoimmune disorders |
|
Sjögren's syndrome |
|
Autoimmune hepatitis/primary biliary cirrhosis |
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus (also can generate hyperkalemic RTA) |
|
Rheumatoid arthritis |
|
Drugs |
|
Ifosfamide (also can cause proximal RTA with Fanconi syndrome) |
|
Amphotericin B |
|
Lithium carbonate |
|
Ibuprofen |
|
Hypercalciuric conditions |
|
Hyperparathyroidism |
|
Vitamin D intoxication |
|
Sarcoidosis |
|
Idiopathic hypercalciuria |
|
Other |
|
Medullary sponge kidney |
|
Obstructive uropathy |
|
Renal transplant rejection |
|
Wilson disease |
REF. UpToDate 2020.08.11
